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Blood Feuds: Aids, Blood, and the Politics of Medical Disaster - by
Eric Feldman and Ronald Bayer (Editors)
In the mid-1980s, public health officials in North America, Europe, Japan, and Australia
discovered that almost half of the hemophiliac population, as well as tens of thousands of
Blood transfusion recipients, had been infected with HIV-tainted Blood. This book provides
a comparative perspective on the political, legal, and social struggles that emerged in
response to the HIV contamination of the world's Blood supply. It describes how
differently eight nations responded to the first signs that AIDS might be transmitted
through Blood, and how they falteringly arrived at, and finally implemented, measures to
secure the Blood supply. In the end, the Blood establishments in almost every advanced
industrial nation were shaken. In Canada, the Red Cross was forced to withdraw from Blood
collection and distribution. In Japan. In France, Blood officials went to prison. Even in
Denmark, where the number of infected hemophiliacs was relatively small, the struggle and
litigation surrounding Blood has resulted in the most protracted legal and administrative
conflict in modern Danish history. Blood Feuds brings together chapters on the experiences
of the United States, Japan, France, Canada, Germany, Denmark, Italy, and Australia with
four comparative essays that shed light on the political, cultural, institutional, and
economic dimensions of the HIV/Blood disaster
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Bad Blood: Crisis in the American Red Cross - by Judith Reitman
Journalist Judith Reitman writes this expose of the American Red Cross Blood supply. For
more than 10 years, the organization known for its "gift of life" has been
responsible for exposing millions of innocent people to a Blood supply contaminated by
HIV, hepatitis and other highly infectious diseases. This is a story of gross
mismanagement and shocking neglect, and is the true tale of an enterprise built on Blood
and Blood products, greed, and arrogance
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The
Gift Relationship; From Human Blood to Social Policy - by Richard M. Titmuss
Sociologist Richard M. Titmuss, at the time of the writing was a respected professor at
the London School of Economics. The Gift Relationship, published in 1970, caused almost
immediate policy results. It compared Blood donating in Britain, a voluntary system, and
the system of Blood gathering used in the United States, some donated, most bought and
sold. His conclusions; the voluntary system was superior in safety, efficiency, efficacy
and product quality, helped to preserve the National Blood Service in Great Britain. The
U. S. government consulted with Titmuss, and instituted an effort to stimulate voluntary
donation, and also mandated the labeling of Blood from paid donors. Titmuss' most profound
conclusions concerned the quality of life and community when people are encouraged to
give, often, literally, the gift of life, to strangers. "When Blood becomes a
commodity," he argued, "its quality is corrupted" (American Blood was four
times more likely to infect recipients with hepatitis than was British Blood). Titmuss
died in 1973
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Advances in Blood Substitutes, Volume 3: Industrial Opportunities and
Medical Challenges - by Robert M. Winslow (Editor), K. D., M. D., Vandegriff (Editor),
M. Intaglietta, and K. D. Vandergriff
Blood substitutes are beginning to fulfill their promise. In early 1997 two
hemoglobin-based products began testing in FDA-approved Phase III clinical trials, the
final hurdle leading to market entry. This is the most significant advance in more than 50
years of work by countless scientists, engineers, entrepreneurs and businesses. But it is
only a dim view of the dream of widespread clinical use, which will ultimately determine
the place of Blood substitutes in medical practice.
This book reviews leaders in the field looking towards success. Chapters
on pharmacoeconomics and improved red cell preservation are presented along with
comprehensive discussions of polyethylene glycol modification of hemoglobin and an
emerging picture of the way cell-free oxygen carriers nourish tissues. Each contribution
is followed by a transcription of the candid discussions that ensued from the
presentation. The discussions capture the passion with which active, competitive
scientists engage each other. Essential reading for anyone assessing the current state of
the Blood substitute field and the evolution of the field
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Safe Blood: Purifying the Nation's Blood Supply in the Age of AIDS -
by Joseph Feldschuh, M. D., with Doron Weber
This book is a must read for the person getting involved at any level with Blood
transfusion. The main point of this book is that the nation's Blood supply is far less
safe than we have been led to believe that it is a veritable cornucopia of
pathogens. "The number of diseases known to spread through the Blood has grown and
multiplied," write the authors. "Today, infections that can be transmitted
through Blood transfusion include: non-A, non-B hepatitis; hepatitis B; AIDS HIV;
cytomogalovirus infection; Epstein-Barr virus; HTLV-I; HTLV-II; syphilis; and malaria.
Some other rare infectious complications are: HIV-2; Chagas disease, brucella abortus;
salmonella septicaemia, among others. "There are tests to detect many of these,"
says co-author Joseph Feldschuh, a physician, "but none are perfect and some are
pretty far from."
"Moreover," he says, "the American Association of Blood
Banks and the American Red Cross, the two largest Blood-collecting and distributing
organizations in the country, far from being the altruistic, non-profit enterprises they
claim to be, are out to make a buck even if this includes playing down some of the risks
of their product." He recounts the shameful, now-well-known episode in which Blood
banks essentially conspired not to put into effect AIDS screening methods that could have
protected Blood recipients, but would have offended some homosexual groups.
The author reviews methods that individual recipients can utilize to
reduce their risks, such as Blood salvaging, or preoperative autologous Blood donations.
Feldschuh states that "the real solution is fresh frozen Blood, which simply
means giving Blood well ahead of time and then freezing it, except for the platelets,
which current technology can not freeze well. This way the Blood can be kept more or less
indefinitely (ten years, according to FDA regulations), rather than be thrown out if the
person doesn't need it within six weeks."
They cite a study released in the New England Journal of Medicine to the
effect that a tremendous number of "silent infections" are not showing up in HIV
antibody tests. Feldschuh says that this study has "to date not been disputed
"
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Safe
Blood - by Joseph Feldschuh, M. D., and Doron Weber (contributor)
This book is the same as the book above except this is a paperback, a newer and
much larger revision, and it is cheaper
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Blood Saga: Hemophilia, Aids, and the Survival of a Community - by
Susan Resnik
In 1984, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) announced that, between the years 1979 and
1984, 90% of patients with hemophilia who were treated with clotting-factor concentrates
had been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A former director of
education at the National Hemophilia Foundation, Susan Resnik has written this book about
one of medicine's darkest periods. She describes the role well meaning physicians and
organizations, trapped in fear and denial, had in making a bad situation even worse. A
tale of political pressure on medicine and government
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Blood Donors and the Supply of Blood and Blood Products: Forum on Blood
Safety and Blood Availability - by Frederick J. Manning, Linette Sparacino (Editors)
Selected papers from the Forum on Blood Safety and Blood Availability meetings organized
by the Institute of Medicine. Papers presented at a workshop held in Washington D.C
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The
Blood Conspiracy: How to Avoid Getting AIDS and Hepatitis in a Transfusion - by Joleen
Swain Ottosen
The author, who lost both parents to transfusion related AIDS, and has written this book
in hopes of preventing similar tragedies. The book chronicles her family's story, and also
acts as a consumer's guide for minimizing the risk of infection through Blood transfusion.
This book is an expose stripping away what the author asserts is a 'conspiracy of silence
and half-truths that perpetuate the safe-Blood myth.' It provides professionally
researched and documented medical information and safe transfusion options and solutions
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Your Body, Your Choice - by Shannon Farmer and David Webb
A book addressed to the lay person outlining the scientific advancements currently
challenging the whole practice of Blood transfusion. Scientific scrutiny is proving quite
conclusively that the old notion that donated Blood is the "gift of life" is
deeply flawed. Indeed, all too often, the "gift of life" has become the
"bringer of death," and who knows what else.
Trail-blazing leaders of
'Bloodless' or 'transfusion-free' medicine and surgery are taking definitive steps to
replace time-worn medical treatments with safer approaches based on the ever-evolving
evidence. The book encapsulates a whole new world of thinking. It focuses on the
extraordinary revolution destined to have direct and vital impact on the lives of all
seeking treatment in hospitals or medical clinics
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Blood: An Epic History of Medicine and Commerce - by Douglas Starr
Blood may be a highly charged substance, symbolic of our spirit and essential for life,
but we can gain much from reflecting on its power over us. Boston University's Professor
and science journalist Douglas Starr has examined the history of Blood's medical uses.
This report is intellectually engaging and emotionally compelling. The book covers from
the late 17th century to the present, detailing experiments with animal Blood, the long
ban on transfusions, direct artery-to-vein suture between donor and recipient, the great
debacle during the AIDS crisis of the 1980, and today's global Blood banking industry, and
a view of its' attendant business structure. There is a dissection of 'why were so many
people given contaminated Blood products after clear warnings about the risks of
infection? Starr is unafraid to name names and lay bare the political and financial
decisions that condemned so many thousands of hemophiliacs and surgical patients to early
deaths. 'Those who don't learn from the past are bound to repeat it'
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Blood Banking and Regulation: Procedures, Problems, and Alternatives -
by Edward A. Dauer (Editor)
Compendium of selected papers from the Forum on Blood Safety and Blood Availability
meetings organized by the Institute of Medicine. These papers, presented over a series of
meetings, discusses the current regulatory system and possible enhancements
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Blood
and Blood Products: Safety and Risk - by Frederick Manning
This is the third and final volume in a series by the Forum on Blood Safety and Blood
Availability, reviewing and summarizing selected presentations at four separate workshops
that were held in 1995. The first two volumes cover regulation and availability. The 21
talks covered in this volume cover current risks of disease transmission, guarding the
Blood supply, safety and monitoring, risk tolerance, risk communications, and no-fault
insurance. Contributors to the book are from Blood product companies, regulatory agencies,
academics, and other groups
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The
Rights of Patients: The Basic ACLU Guide to Patient Rights - by George J. Annas
This book provides easy to understand technical and legal aspects of 'informed consent.'
Annas points out that we are "all candidates for patienthood." Therefore,
knowing the Rights of Patients is essential for every prospective patient. Would anyone
want to be treated in a hurry-up situation, without accurate information?
The back of the book has several
useful appendices, giving specific details on resources, 'patient bill of rights' acts,
(of which eleven states have some version), health care proxy forms, your 'right to refuse
treatment act,' and how to use law and medical libraries.
What good is a law if the public
has no knowledge of that law? George Annas states that we all have the legal right to
refuse unnecessary procedures, but few people will ever learn that in a hospital. Many
medical facilities have policies created by well-intentioned administrators which violate
the patient's rights and the law. Laws are different from state to state regarding many
aspects of patients' rights, for example, how long patient records are kept and who owns
the medical records - Paperback
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The
Rights of Patients - same as above Published 1992 - Hardcover
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Aids:
What the Government Isn't Telling You - by Lorraine Day, M.D.
Dr. Day, a uniquely qualified surgeon, has operated on as many AIDS patients as any
surgeon in the United States. She explains in this book how she suddenly discovered that
the "experts" were not telling the full truth to doctors, to other medical
personnel and to the public, about AIDS. She documents facts about the AIDS epidemic,
facts that the government denies, but facts that you must know to protect yourself and
your family from Blood borne diseases. The lessons that we should have learned back then,
still apply today
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Dailey's Notes on Blood - by John F. Dailey
Anyone from the novice to the most experienced healthcare practitioner will find valuable
material readily available in this concise text. It is a favorite of major pharmaceuticals
for training sales personnel. It is probably the only book available that does not require
the reader to have a background in chemistry and biology in order to understand the basics
of the important topics of hematology, immunology and transfusion therapy. Numerous
features aid learning: quick reference margin words, review questions with answers for
each chapter, 42 clear illustrations, comprehensive glossary, appendix of Blood values,
and bibliography
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Blood: Self-Teaching Hematology, Immunology, and Transfusion Therapy -
by John F. Dailey
The preface of Blood opens with the author revealing that he is "fascinated with the
topic of blood," and "convinced that.... practical, understandable, and easily
accessible information on blood would be welcome to a wide audience." BloodBook.com
agrees with the fascination and most especially with the need for quality and easily
understandable information. As for Dailey, he has succeeded in authoring another book on
this topic that students and professionals in the Blood associated field and the health
care field will find as highly readable. This book is an excellent self-teaching and
reference tool. The book's organization and layout are well thought out, clear, and
features several useful features to help in learning.
The main text of Blood is
organized into 20 chapters, each with an introduction and a division into three levels of
sub headings, then several paragraphs.
The latter part of the book is
devoted to descriptions of plasma, platelets, and coagulation and followed by chapters
describing blood groups and the various types of therapies involving blood. One of the
most informative sections of the book describes a complete range of blood tests, including
what the test measures and how to interpret the results
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The
Answer Is in Your Blood Type - by Steven M. Weissberg M.D.; Joseph Christiano A.P.P.T.
The authors posit the theory that if you eat a food not compatible with your Blood type
and stomach enzymes, the food will not be broken down or digested properly, and the
vitamins and minerals not absorbed into your bloodstream to fuel and nourish your body.
They say that your body reacts to the food just as it would any foreign substance. You
might experience a stomach ache, gas, bloating, or even worse, vomiting or diarrhea. What
happens is that antibodies glue themselves to the foreign invaders (improper food) and
agglutination or "gluing" takes place in your Blood. The best case alternative
presented is, that with proper diet, including nourishment from those foods and
supplements specific to your needs, the chance of disease is greatly reduced, and that,
proper diet according to Blood type, coupled with exercise, enables your immune system to
be its strongest
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Doctors of Deceit and the AIDS Epidemic - by Gus G. Sermos
Written from the perspective of a former Public Health Advisor and AIDS Researcher at the
Centers for Disease Control, Sermos explains that the "negligence, incompetence,
arrogance and complete lack of leadership" in the AIDS epidemic by the Public Health
authorities and the Centers for Disease Control have caused the American citizens to
become nothing more than what he calls "un-consenting guinea pigs in a epidemic that
may become the worst the world has ever known
"
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Blood: Physiology and Pathophysiology - by Chris Pallister
Concentrates on the science and fundamental concepts of the Blood and its diseases rather
than on laboratory and clinical aspects of hematology, for biomedical science and medical
undergraduates. Covers Blood physiology and Blood cell formation, megaloplastic anemias,
disorders of red cell metabolism, leukemia, malignant disorders, and hereditary and
acquired disorders of hemostasis
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HIV and the Blood Supply: An Analysis of Crisis Decision Making - by
Lauren B. Leveton (Editor), et al
A report by The Committee to Study HIV Transmission Through Blood and Blood Products, of
the Institute of Medicine. Details the controversy during the early years of the AIDS
epidemic regarding the possible transmission of the disease through Blood and Blood
products, and the decision-making process as more information became available. Considers
whether such measures as treating Blood products to inactivate HIV, screening donors,
regulations, and recalling contaminated Blood could have begun earlier and if so, what the
effect on the spread and mortality of the disease would have been. The underlying goal is
to draw conclusions about what to do should similar situations arise in the future
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Betrayal of Trust: the Collapse of Global Public Health - by Laurie
Garrett
Globalization is increasing. Improved transportation and a global economy mean that people
and products are quickly and easily moved from place to place. A traveler may begin the
week in Zaire, stop off in Germany, and move on to Cleveland before the week's end. A
shipment of fruit from Central America can end up in San Francisco. And a mosquito can
hitch a ride from Panama to Paris without much difficulty. Blood and Blood Products come
from wherever supplies are plentiful, and find their way to the greatest funded need. What
does all this mean from a public health perspective? How will outbreaks of disease and the
lack of adequate health services in certain parts of the world affect people in other
parts? Pulitzer-prize-winning journalist Laurie Garrett, in this book on the decline of
public health worldwide, tells her side
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